The limit of sequence is the number L if for any segment with center L, all but a finite number of points are inside that segment.
In other words, for any ε > 0, if L is the limit of the sequence, all but a finite number of points are inside the segment (L-ε, L+ε).
How to prove that L is limit of sequence?
What we need to prove to show that L is limit of sequence?
Let ε>0 be a real number, we need to show that all points but a finite number of points are inside the segment (L-ε, L+ε).
If all points but a finite number of points are inside the segment (L-ε, L+ε), there exist n0 so for each n>n0 , an is inside the segment (L-ε,L+ε). Can you explain why?
Suppose, there is no such n0, for each n0 we choose there is at least one point outside the segment (L-ε,L+ε). In other words, there are infinite points outside the segment.
In other words, we need to show for each ε>0, there exist n0 for each n>n0 , an is inside the segment (L-ε,L+ε).
an inside the segment (L-ε,L+ε) if an > L-ε and an < L+ε. In other words, we can say that an inside the segment (L-ε,L+ε) if an-L>-ε and an-L<ε or if |an-L|<ε.
Sample 1: The limit of sequence an=n/(n+1)
In this case, the limit of the sequence is 1. What does it mean?
For any segment with center 1, all but a finite number of points are inside that segment. Can you prove it?
Sample 2: The limit of sequence an=(-1)n/n
In this case, the limit of the sequence is 0. What does it mean?
For any segment with center 0, all but a finite number of points are inside that segment. Can you prove it?